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Critique of Anthropology
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Farmers and Farmworkers

Two Centuries of Strategic Alterity in Kentucky’s Tobacco Fields

Ann E. Kingsolver

University of South Carolina, USA

Strategic alterity is defined here as a process of shifting between different assertions of devalued group identity in order to valorize free-trading citizens of the market and to mask the labor of those making that free market participation possible (by moralizing the devalorization). The examples provided here - based on ethnographic, oral history, and archival research in an eastern Kentucky, US community - focus on the ways that different markers of identity have characterized the farmworkers providing the low-wage or non-wage labor in tobacco over the past two centuries that has made it possible for those whose crops they work in to see themselves as independent, family farmers. Tobacco is viewed, here, as having always been a global crop produced by a ‘globalized’ labor force. The ideological arguments, most recently neoliberal, justifying the differential power (and ‘market citizenship’) of farmers and farm-workers are examined within a US context, with suggestions for comparative and historical approaches to interpreting current strategies of inclusion and exclusion related to neoliberal capitalist globalization.

Key Words: capitalist logic • globalization • labor • strategic alterity • tobacco • USA

Critique of Anthropology, Vol. 27, No. 1, 87-102 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/0308275X07073820
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